Challenges to Chinese Foreign Policy by unknow

Author:unknow
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: University Press of Kentucky
Published: 2021-08-15T00:00:00+00:00

Nontraditional Security Issues

Since al Qaeda was routed and the Taliban regime was overthrown in Afghanistan, the war against terrorism in South Asia has entered a new stage. The main battlefield has moved to the tribal areas along the Pakistan-Afghanistan border. However, the remnants of al Qaeda and the Taliban, fleeing hither and thither in the tribal areas and beyond, put up desperate fights by colluding with local extremists and continuing their terrorist raids. Their targets include heads of state, prime ministers, military officers, government officials, and foreigners. Al Qaeda has even declared the government of Pakistan to be its main enemy, calling for its overthrow.15 There have been several attempts to assassinate President Musharraf by terrorists who are willing to go all out to create chaos in Pakistan.

Meanwhile, revolts and violence against South Asian governments are rampant. Besides the uprising in Kashmir and the operations of violent separatists in India’s northeastern states, an agrarian peasant movement called Naxalite has spread through eastern, central, and southern India in an attempt to seize political power through armed struggles, posing a serious long-term challenge to the federal government. The domestic peace in Sri Lanka, based on the 2002 cease-fire between the Sri Lankan government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, has been interrupted numerous times by the latter’s violations, one of which resulted in the assassination of the Sri Lankan foreign minister in August 2005.16 In addition, the acts of terrorism carried out by Jamaat ul Mujahedin Bangladesh have been escalating. In Afghanistan, more than 1,500 people were killed in terrorist attacks in 2005,17 and Afghanistan’s opium production that year totaled 4,100 tons, the income from which accounts for about 52 percent of the country’s small GDP.18 The growing problem of Afghan poppy cultivation and opium trafficking to world markets has become a major obstacle to the process of peace and reconstruction in Afghanistan and has also affected its peripheral regions and beyond.

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